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PSYCHOLOGY OF COLOR
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GRAPHIC DESIGN GLOSSARY
 

GRAPHIC DESIGN GLOSSARY

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P

Panning: A way of viewing specific areas of a drawing that mimics the way you might slide a piece of paper around on a desk

Pantone Color System:
Pantone colors are nothing but premixed inks, like premixed paints at a paint shop. They are not blended combinations of other colors like Process colors.

Page makeup:
The assemblage of all the necessary elements required to complete a page.

Paperboard: Any paper with a thickness (caliper) of 12 points (.3mm) or more.

Papeterie: A high-grade soft paper used for personal stationery because it accepts handwriting well.

Paragraph rules: Graphic lines associated with a paragraph that separates blocks of text. Rules are commonly used to separate columns and isolate graphics on a page. Some desktop publishing programs allow paragraph styles to be created that include paragraph rules above and/or below the paragraph.

Parchment: A hard finished paper that emulates animal skin; used for documents, such as awards, that require writing by hand.

Pasteup:
the process of preparing mechanicals -- in traditional publishing, positioning and pasting type and graphics on a board (and overlays). In desktop publishing, page-assembly software enables the user to do electronic pasteup.

Path: The basic component from which objects are constructed. A path can be open (for example, a line) or closed (for example, a circle), and it can be made up of a single line or curve segment or many joined segments.

Perfecting press: A printing press that prints on both sides of the page in a single pass.

Photomechanical: The platemaking process where plates are coated with photosensitive coatings and exposed to photo negatives or positives.

Photostat: A photographic print creating an image using photography and electrostatic processes; also called a stat.

Pica: A typesetting unit of measurement equaling 1/6th of an inch.

Pixel (picture element): The smallest unit that a device can address. Most often refers to display monitors, a pixel being the smallest spot of phosphor that can be lit up on the screen.

Plate finish: Any bond, cover or bristol stock with an extremely smooth finish achieved by calendaring.

PMT: Photomechanical transfer.

PMS (Pantone Matching System): A standard color-matching system used by printers and graphic designers for inks, papers, and other materials. A PMS color is a standard color defined by percentage mixtures of different primary inks.

Point: A measurement unit equal to 1/72 of an inch. 12 points to a pica, 72 points to an inch.

Positive: Film that contains an image with the same tonal values as the original; opposite of a negative. See also negative.

Ppi: Pages per inch.

Premium: Any paper that is considered better than #1 by its manufacturer

Primary colors: In printing the four primary colors are cyan (blue), magenta (red), yellow and black.

Printability: The quality of papers to show reproduced printed images.

Printer font: High-resolution bitmaps or font outline masters used for the actual laying down of the characters on the printed page, as opposed to display on the screen.

Process Color System: With Process color printing, four colors are used (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow and Black) to reproduce a virtually unlimited array of colors. With this color system, you can have virtually unlimited colors in your logo and not have to pay extra.

Point size: Refers to the measurement of a size of type. The point size of type is measured from the top of the tallest ascender (the tallest letter) to the bottom of the longest descender (the letter that extends below the baseline).

Portable Document Format (.pdf files): Is a file format designed to preserve fonts, images, graphics, and formatting of an original application file. Using Adobe Acrobat Reader and Adobe Acrobat Exchange, a .pdf file can be viewed, shared, and printed by PC, UNIX, and Macintosh users.

Portable Network Graphics file format (.png files): Is an excellent file format for lossless, portable, and well-compressed storage of raster images. It takes up a minimum amount of disk space and can be easily read and exchanged between computers. The PNG format provides a replacement for the GIF format and can also replace many common uses of the TIFF format.

Posterization: For a halftone, the reduction of the number of gray scales to produce a high-contrast image.

Process color: See four-color process.

Process color separation: In commercial printing, used for reproduction of color photographs. The various hues are created by superimposition of halftone dots of the process colors: cyan (a greenish blue), magenta (a purplish red), yellow, and black.

Proportionally spaced type: A typeface in which the set width (horizontal space) of characters is variable, depending on the shape of the character itself and the characters surrounding it.

Proof: In commercial art and printing, a mockup from the designer or the printer that allows the client to review the final layout and make any necessary changes before the final piece is printed, produced or published on the web.

Pull quote: A brief phrase (not necessarily an actual quotation) from the body text, enlarged and set off from the text with rules, a box, and/or a screen. It is from a part of the text set previously, and is set in the middle of a paragraph, to add emphasis and interest.


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