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Callout: An explanatory label for an
illustration, often drawn with a leader line pointing to
a part of the illustration.
Camera-ready copy: Final publication material that
is ready to be made into a negative for a printing plate.
May be a computer file or actual print and images on a board.
Cap height: In typography, the distance from the
baseline to the top of the capital letters.
Caption: An identification (title) for an illustration,
usually a brief phrase. The caption should also support
the other content.
Cap height: The height from the baseline
to the top of the uppercase letters in a font. This may
or may not be the same as the height of ascenders. Cap height
is used in some systems to measure the type size.
Cap line: An imaginary horizontal line
running across the tops of capital letters.
Caps & lower case: Instructions in
the typesetting process that indicate the use of a capital
letter to start a sentence and the rest of the letters in
lower case.
Caps & small caps: Two sizes of capital
letters made in one size of type.
Centered: Text placed at an equal distance
from the left and right margins. Headlines are often centered.
It is generally not good to mix centered text with flush
left or flush right text.
CGI script: An external applicaton that
is executed by an HTTP server in response to an action you
perform in a Web browser, such as clicking a link, image,
or another interactive element of a Web page.
Character: Any letter, figure, punctuation, symbol
or space.
Choke: In commercial printing,
a form of trapping created by extending the background object
into the foreground object.
Clip art: Ready-made artwork sold or distributed
for clipping and pasting into publications. Available in
hard-copy books, and in electronic form, as files on disk.
Coated art paper: Printing papers used
for printing projects that require a special treatment of
detail and shading.
Coated stock: Any paper that has a mineral
coating applied after the paper is made, giving the paper
a smoother finish.
Color bars: This term refers to a color
test strip, which is printed on the waste portion of a press
sheet. It is a standardized (GATF-Graphic Arts Technical
Foundation) process that allows a pressman to determine
the quality of the printed material relative to ink density,
registration and dot gain. It also includes the Star Target,
which is a similar system designed to detect inking problems.
Collage: The combination of several
images to a single surface to create a piece of art. Can
be done with original images or in a digital format.
Color separating: The processes of separating
the primary color components for printing.
Color transparency: Transparent film containing
a positive photographic color image.
Condensed (type): A narrow, elongated typeface.
Comprehensive or comp: A layout illustrating
a proposal depicting what a finished piece will look like.
Contrast: The degree of tonal separation
or gradation in the range from black to white.
Color Channel: An 8-bit grayscale version
of an image. Each channel represents one level of color
in the image; for example, RGB has three color channels,
while CMYK has four. When all the channels are printed together,
they produce the entire range of colors in the image.
Color separation: The process of creating separate
negatives and plates for each color of ink (cyan, magenta,
yellow, and black) that will be used in the publication.
Color spacing: The addition of spaces to congested
areas of words or word spacing to achieve a more pleasing
appearance after the line has been set normally.
Column gutter: The space between columns of type.
Comprehensive layout (comp): A blueprint of the
publication, showing exactly how the type will be set
and positioned, and the treatment, sizing, and placement
of illustrations on the page.
Condensed font: A font in which the set-widths
of the characters is narrower than in the standard typeface.
(Note: not the inter-character space -- that is accomplished
through tracking).
Continuous tone: Artwork that contains gradations
of gray, as opposed to black-and-white line art. Photographs
and some drawings, like charcoal or watercolor, require
treatment as continuous-tone art.
Copy: Generally refers to text -- typewritten pages,
word-processing files, typeset galleys or pages -- although
sometimes refers to all source materials (text and graphics)
used in a publication.
Copyfitting: The fitting of a variable amount of
copy within a specific and fixed amount of space
CorelDRAW files (.cdr) Are drawings made
up of vector graphics. Vectors define a picture as a list
of graphic primitives (rectangles, lines, text, arcs,
and ellipses). Vectors are mapped point by point to the
page, so if you reduce or increase the size of a vector
graphic, the original image will not be distorted.
Counter: in typography, an enclosed area within
a letter, in uppercase, lowercase, and numeric letterforms.
Contour: An effect created by adding
evenly spaced concentric shapes inside or outside
the borders of an object.
Contrast: The difference in tone
between the dark and light areas of an image. Higher
contrast values indicate greater differences and fewer
gradations between dark and light.
Crop marks: Mechanical, horizontal and
vertical lines that indicate the edge of the printed
piece.
Corel Metafile Exchange (.cmx files): A metafile
format that supports bitmap and vector information
and the full range of Pantone, RGB, and CMYK colors.
It was developed to save files created in CorelDRAW
with the data necessary to open and edit them in other
Corel applications.
CMYK: A color mode made up of cyan
(C), magenta (M), yellow (Y), and black (K) that produces
true blacks and a wide tonal range. In the CMYK color
mode, color values are expressed as percentages; therefore,
a value of 100 for an ink means that it is applied
at full saturation.
Color Separation: In commercial printing,
the process of splitting colors in a composite image
to produce a number of separate grayscale images,
one for each primary color in the original image.
In the case of a CMYK image, four separations (one
for cyan, magenta, yellow, and black) must be made.
Cropping: For artwork, cutting out the extraneous
parts of an image, usually a photograph.
Cutlines: Explanatory text, usually full sentences,
that provides information about illustrations. Cutlines
are sometimes called captions or legends; not to be
confused with title-captions, which are headings for
the illustration, or key-legends, which are part of
the artwork.
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